THE ROLES OF PRIVATE MILITARY AND SECURITY COMPANIES IN ADDRESSING MARITIME SECURITY THREATS

Abstract

This study delves into the operational nuances, challenges, and effectiveness of Private Maritime Security Companies (PMSCs) across three significant maritime zones: the Gulf of Guinea, the Gulf of Aden, and the Straits of Malacca. Utilising a qualitative research design, including a case study approach, the research sources information predominantly from document analysis and web-based data mining. Within these maritime domains, PMSCs face diverse challenges, from navigating sociocultural intricacies and geopolitical dynamics to contending with logistical and regulatory obstacles. The research uncovers that the operational strategies of PMSCs are profoundly shaped by each zone's historical, geographical, and socio- political landscape. For instance, the Straits of Malacca demands agility due to its bustling maritime activities, while the Gulf of Aden's expansive nature necessitates advanced technological integration and collaboration. In contrast, the Gulf of Guinea's complex socio- economic environment compels PMSCs to adopt multifaceted security approaches. The study evaluates the effectiveness of these PMSCs based on various indicators, including their rate of successful operations and adherence to international standards. A comparative lens reveals that PMSC effectiveness is intrinsically...