Framing artificial intelligence: The interplay between AI policies and security in the European Union

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is increasingly more embedded into our lives. Hence, the literature that explores the new technology is vast. However, there is a lack of resources that address how the technology is framed at the level of the European Union (EU). Specifically, few studies assess whether there are differences between the institutions' framing of AI policies. Scholars also overlook the potential implications of AI for the security of the Union. The present study seeks to fill in these gaps by examining how the European Commission (EC) and the European Parliament (EP) frame AI security policies. The dissertation also investigates whether there are differences between the institutions in how AI security policies. To do this, the research is split into two main sections. The first section explores how the two institutions frame AI security using a combination of the Policy Framing approach and qualitative content analysis. The unique research design was used on 10 official documents released by the EC and EP between 2017 and 2021. On the one hand, the outcome indicates that the EC frames AI policies through the perspective of three security areas, namely economic, social, and political. On the other hand, the EP's framing of AI policies considers the same areas of security while also adding...