Adaptorový protein STING a jeho role ve virových infekcích
Adaptor protein STING and his role in viral infections
bachelor thesis (DEFENDED)
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http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/194239Identifiers
Study Information System: 264269
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- Kvalifikační práce [20091]
Author
Advisor
Referee
Saláková, Martina
Faculty / Institute
Faculty of Science
Discipline
Biology
Department
Department of Genetics and Microbiology
Date of defense
5. 9. 2024
Publisher
Univerzita Karlova, Přírodovědecká fakultaLanguage
Czech
Grade
Excellent
Keywords (Czech)
STING, interferon, autofágie, virus, vrozená imunitaKeywords (English)
STING, interferon, autophagy, virus, innate immunityAdaptorový protein STING hraje esencialní roli v signalizaci vrozene imunitý. Jedna se o transmembranový protein, který je zakotven v membrane endoplasmatickeho retikula. Protein STING se výskýtuje v bunkach imunitního sýstemu, v bunkach slinivký a v epitelových bunkach. Aktivovan je cýklickými dinukleotidý, ktere indukují tvorbu polýmeru proteinu STING. Ten nasledne translokuje do Golgiho aparatu, kde rekrutuje kinazu TBK1, ktera protein fosforýluje. Nasledne protein STING rekrutuje transkripcní faktor IRF3, který je kinazou take fosforýlovan. Po fosforýlaci se IRF3 odpojuje od komplexu, dimerizuje a translokuje do jadra, kde iniciuje transkripci interferonových genu. Protein STING je po signalizaci degradovan autofagickou drahou, tím je jeho signalizace ukoncena. Virý, jakozto vnitrobunecní parazite, potrebují modulovat signalizaci drah vrozene imunitý pro sve efektivní pomnození v bunce. Protein STING muze tedý slouzit jako cíl nekterých virových proteinu, ktere inhibují jím zprostredkovanou signalizaci, a tím se virý výhýbají imunitnímu sýstemu. Klícova slova: STING, interferon, autofagie, virus, vrozena imunita
The adaptor protein STING plays an essential role in innate immune system signalling. This transmembrane protein is anchored in the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum. The STING protein is expressed in the cells of the immune system, in epithelial cells and pancreatic cells. The STING protein is activated by binding to the cyclic dinucleotides which induce the polymer formation. Then, the STING protein translocates to the Golgi apparatus, where it recruits the kinase TBK1 which phosphorylates the STING protein. Subsequently the protein recruits the transcription factor IRF3 that is also phosphorylated by TBK1. Phosphorylated IRF3 detaches from the complex, forms a dimer and translocates to the nucleus where it initiates the transcription of interferon genes. After signalling the STING protein is degraded via the autophagic pathway, thus terminating its signalization. Viruses, as intracellular parasites, need to modulate the signalling pathways of innate immunity for their effective multiplication within the cell. Therefore, the STING protein can serve as a target for certain viral proteins that inhibit STING-mediated signalling, allowing the viruses to evade the immune system. Key words: STING, interferon, autophagy, virus, innate immunity