Studium intronových polymorfizmů pro identifikaci pohlavních chromozómů u Xenopus Tropicalis

Abstract

10 1.1. ABSTRACT STUDY OF INTRONIC POLYMORPHISMS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF SEX CHROMOSOMES IN XENOPUS TROPICALIS Xenopus tropicalis is a significant model organism of developmental biology. Its genom was sequenced. Linkage map based on SSR (Single Sequence Repeat) polymorphic markers was established. The map is still incomplete and contains a lot of inaccuracies. Currently used genetics markers based on repetitive sequences are not spread equally, hence some parts of chromosomes are not genetically mapped. This problem could be solved by polymorphism of intron sequences. To prove its possibly application it is necessary to determine its frequency in genome and confirm its utilization in crossbreeding and consequently in linkage mapping. Beyond its great importance any sex linkage genes are not known in Xenopus tropicalis species, and even a sex type determination is not clear. Gynogenetic studies leading to the determination of sex type produce different accomplishment. Therefore, it is important to create different system enabling sex type determination and, most importantly, to determinate the sex chromosomes. Intronic polymorphisms could serve even this purpose. Keywords: Intron polymorphisms/ Linkage mapping/ Genetic marker/ Sex determination/ Sex gene /Xenopus tropicalis