Výtvarné umělkyně v 19. století v Čechách

Abstract

Jadro diplomove prace se samostatne zabYva dvema Uzce souvisejicimi tematy, ktere se vztahuji k vy-chodiskfun, podminkam a charakteru tvorby - problematikou umeleckeho skoleni a umeleckeho uplatneni. Kapitola 0 pnjeti zenskeho umeni ve vy-tvame kritice pak ukazuje, jake byly zaIdadni dobove postoje k Cinnosti umelkyii; ty se take do jiste miry jejich tvorbu ovlivnovaly. VYtvame umeni zen ve sledovane dobe je mOZne rozclenit na tn hlavni proudy, podle pusobnosti a puvodu jeho predstavitelek: na tvorbu slechticen, neurozenych diletantek a profesiomilnich umelkyii. Uplatneni umelecke Cinnosti slechticen nebylo vzdy omezeno hranicemi soukrome zaliby. Mezi slechtou se vyskytovaly i zeny s verejnymi ambicemi. Slechticny byly take jedny z prvnich zen, ktere se uplatnily ve vy-stavnim zivote. V o sobnosti Jenny Salmove se urozena umelkyne stala prvnim vaZnYm predmetem vy-tvame kritiky mezi zenarni. Zastoupeni urozenych zen ve verejne sfere, ktere muzeme sledovat i v dalSich formach, se tak stalo jednim ze zpusobu, kterYm se zenske umeni uvadelo do povedomi. Svou roli v tomto ohledu sehrcily i neurozene diletantky, ktere vy-jimecne prezentovaly svou praci na verejnosti. Tyto zeny se vedle slechticen ucastnily pocatkU praiskeho vy-stavniho zivota a zastupovaly tak postupne se prosazujici zenske umeni. Pokud byla...

The thesis consists of three chapters, which aim to describe and summarize the pivotal themes, important for the history of female art in Bohemia, i. e. questions of their origin, art education, placement and reception of their art in the temporary criticism. The first chapter inquires into forms of the artistic education according to the kinds of the social origin of the women. Separately it describes the issues of education for professional women artists and women of noble birth. A special attention is paid to the theme of an organized training in visual arts, which was provided by private arts schools at first. An important position among them had the school of drawing for ladies, founded by the painter Amalia Manes in 1853. The essay suggests some circumstances realting to this private school. In the 1860's the art education went through a considerable progress, when a new forms of art teaching were created, based mostly on arts and crafts aims. Considering the fact they arouse about twenty years before establishment the Arts and crafts school in Prague, where they on a relative high level. They also had a particular standing at that time in general. The Industrial School for Girls founded in 1865, was probably the first institution of its kind in the Habsburg Monarchy. The Trade and Industrial School...