Hluk v životním prostředí z pohledu fyzické geografie

Abstract

This study investigates the sound propagation in the environment, defines sounds and related noise and describes their sources and features in general. The importance of noise as the environmental factor has shifted up sharply in the last decade and the sound propagation depends on many different circumstances. These factors, such as meteorological conditions, topography, ground cover or presence of vegetation cause changes in the sound propagation. Furthermore, nature itself can be also the place, where the sounds are generated. In the study were also listed impacts of sounds in landscape according to the origin (geophone, biophone and antrophone). In the practical part of this study the noise reduction effect of vegetation was investigated. More than 70 vegetations profiles with 43 vegetation species were covered and investigated. Six different kinds of vegetation were taken into account (conifers, broad-leaved trees, mixed forest, field thickets, herbs and belts of shrubs). To make comparison with the figures the last investigation was made in the open ground as the basic measure to compare the difference in sound pressure levels between the tree belts, theoretical attenuation and open ground. Point source of noise was set up in various distances in the front of the tree belts. Level of noise at various...